DEVELOPMENT OF THE DUAL SYSTEM OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

Abstract

The article is devoted to the transformational educational processes related to the system of vocational education inthe European community, which, accordingly, are considered as a factor in the development of European competitiveness and as a factor in the further development of scientific and industrial innovations.The author analyzes the history of formation and development of the dual system of vocational education in some European countries. Based on the analysis of the documents of the European Center for Vocational Education and Training Development, the most important regulatory documents governing the system of vocational education and training in Germany, as well as scientific works of foreign authors on vocational education systems in Europe, the author reveals the features of dual education in Europe, shows the features of the «classical» models of vocational education and training in Europe: the dual corporate model in Germany, the state-regulated model in France and the liberal market model in the UK. The presented research analyzes the process of formation and development of dual education in Europe, characterizes the peculiarities of organizing interaction with employers and organizing vocational training, reveals the fundamental principles and features of dual education implementation in the context of national characteristics. The article describes dual education in the context of the coordinated interaction of theory and practice. It is emphasized that it is «dual education» that makes it possible to directly interconnect the educational and industrial components, and is able to guarantee a combination of pedagogical conditions for professional training in educational and industrial spaces. The advantages and disadvantages of dual education in relation to traditional educational systems are characterized. Particular attention is paid to the history of the formation and development of the dual system of vocational education in Germany. The study of the experience of implementing the dual system of vocational education in the European Union countries has provided a deeper understanding of the main success factors of the German model of dual education.