THE CONCEPT OF A TEXT-CENTRIC APPROACH TO LEARNING FOREIGN LANGUAGES

Abstract

Communication is the primary method of transferring information from one person to another. In the professional sphere, communication is mainly used to exchange information between people. As a linguistic category, the text is present in all types of speech activity, namely in writing, speaking, reading, and understanding. The text-centric method of learning a foreign language is one of the modern approaches emphasizing the text as the central learning unit. This method systematically uses authentic texts to develop speaking, reading, listening, and writing skills. The central idea of text-centered learning is using language structures in their natural context, allowing students to effectively learn and use a foreign language in real communicative situations. The text as a communicative, language, and speech object is the subject of research by many scientists, particularly M. Bakhtin, Yu. Lotman, T. Nadeina, M. Pentylyuk, L. Matsko, F. Batsevich, S. Yermolenko, O. Bilyaev, and others. The study aims to determine the place of text-centric teaching of a professional foreign language in the formation of professional foreign language communicative competence. The concept of text in communicative linguistics is very closely related to discourse. Some scientists consider these concepts identical, while others claim that discourse is oral speech and text refers to written work. In learning the correct construction, formation, and use of professional foreign language texts, it is essential to consider an approach to teaching students that wouldtake foreign language texts as a basis. One of these approaches is a text-centric approach to foreign language learning. It is worth noting that based on this approach to learning a foreign language, the text, in any form, will be understood as the result of speech activity. Many scientists consider the text-centric approach as the primary way of forming foreign language communicative competence. For a foreign language teacher, when using a text-centric approach to teaching, it is first of all essential to choose the appropriate level of text complexity. When teaching a professional foreign language, a text that will not only contain the necessary terminology and grammatical constructions but will also convey the latest information from the relevant field of science, with the aim of the student developing foreign language competence and professional competence.