DISCOURSE SPECIFICITY OF NON-COOPERATIVE STRATEGIES OF PESSIMISTIC COMMUNICANT

Abstract

The article highlights non-cooperative strategies and tactics of a pessimistic communicant. It is revealed that communicative strategy, as one of the most important discourse-forming factors, is a characteristic feature of pessimistic discourse, which presupposes a communicative situation of pessimistic behavior, is represented by a complex system of lexical, syntactic, stylistic, pragmatic and non-verbal means of expressing the communicant’s pessimistic outlook and is characterized by certain goals, style, tonality and mode of communication. Strategies for the expression of pessimism harmonize or disharmonize relationships between the interlocutors. Rigid non-cooperative communicative strategies are: of negative self-expression, manipulation and confrontation. The strategy for negative self-expression is realized by the tactics of affectation, demonstration of negative expectations, demonstrative self-criticism, self-accusation, self-humiliation, complaints and sarcasm. The following tactics represent the strategy for manipulation: the negative evaluation of the interlocutor, psychological pressure, imposing of the subjective point of view, warning, criticism, playing on the emotions of the interlocutor and complaints. The confrontational tactics are: the tactic of refusal, disagreement, accusation, inducement to the action, appeal to negative experience. The verbal markers of non-cooperative strategies and tactics of a pessimistic communicant are lexico-semantic, syntactic, stylistic and pragmatic means. The verbalization of the tactics is determined by the structure of a communicative situation and by the peculiarities of the personal behavioral responses of a pessimistic communicant. It is proved that the choice of cooperative strategies and tactics realizing the communicative intention of a pessimistic communicant is determined by typological features of pessimism as dispositional (a communicative strategy of tolerance) and defensive (a defensive communicative strategy) phenomenon. It is proved that the choice of strategies and tactics is determined by typological peculiarities of pessimism as a dispositional (communicative strategies of negative self-expression and manipulation), attributional (communicative strategies of negative self-expression and confrontation) and situational (communicative strategies of manipulation and confrontation) phenomenon.